1002 – English king Æthelred II orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St. Brice’s Day massacre.

1093 – Battle of Alnwick English victory over the Scots, Malcolm III of Scotland, and his son Edward, are slain.

1160 – Louis VII of France marries Adela of Champagne.

1553 – Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer and four others, including Lady Jane Grey, are accused of high treason and sentenced to death under Catholic Queen “Bloody” Mary I.

1642 – First English Civil War: Battle of Turnham Green: The Royalist forces withdraw in the face of the Parliamentarian army and fail to take London.

1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patriot revolutionary forces under Gen. Richard Montgomery occupy Montreal.

1841 – James Braid first sees a demonstration of animal magnetism, which leads to his study of the subject he eventually calls hypnotism.

1851 – The Denny Party lands at Alki Point, before moving to the other side of Elliott Bay to what would become Seattle.

1864 – The new Constitution of Greece is adopted.

1914 – Zaian War: Berber tribesmen inflict the heaviest defeat of French forces in Morocco at the Battle of El Herri.

1916 – Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes is expelled from the Labor Party over his support for conscription.

1918 – Allied troops occupy Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire.

1927 – The Holland Tunnel opens to traffic as the first Hudson River vehicle tunnel linking New Jersey to New York City.

1941 – World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal is torpedoed by U-81, sinking the following day.

1942 – World War II: Naval Battle of Guadalcanal: U.S. and Japanese ships engage in an intense, close-quarters surface naval engagement during the Guadalcanal Campaign.

1947 – The Soviet Union completes development of the AK-47, one of the first proper assault rifles.

1950 – General Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, President of Venezuela, is assassinated in Caracas.

1966 – In response to Fatah raids against Israelis near the West Bank border, Israel launches an attack on the village of As-Samu.

1969 – Vietnam War: Anti-war protesters in Washington, D.C. stage a symbolic March Against Death.

1982 – The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C. after a march to its site by thousands of Vietnam War veterans.

1989 – Hans-Adam II, the present Prince of Liechtenstein, begins his reign on the death of his father.

1994 – In a referendum, voters in Sweden decide to join the European Union.

2001 – War on Terror: In the first such act since World War II, US President George W. Bush signs an executive order allowing military tribunals against foreigners suspected of connections to terrorist acts or planned acts on the United States.

2002 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq agrees to the terms of the UN Security Council Resolution 1441.

2015 – A set of coordinated terror attacks in Paris, including multiple shootings, explosions, and a hostage crisis in the 10th and 11th arrondissements kill 130 people, seven attackers, and injured 368 others, with at least 80 critically wounded.

2015 – WT1190F, a temporary satellite of Earth, impacts just southeast of Sri Lanka.